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A n c i e n t H i s t o r y of R a j a s t h a n
The Mauryans History
The Hellenes
did not hold the north for long. A remarkable king, Chandra Gupta Maurya of
Magadha (Orissa-Bihar), defeated the Hellene Viceroy, Nikator Seleucus and
established a dynasty that unified the north, the centre and a part of the south
of the subcontinent.
Ashoka 3rd Century BC
The most famous king
of this house was the Emperor Ashoka who extended his grandfather's kingdom, but
then renounced war and violence, He adopted Buddhism and commenced the unique
experiment of ruling through the principles of faith, duty and non-violence. He
erected monolithic pillars and rocks engraved with his laws throughout his
extensive realm and one of his Minor Rock Edicts was found at Vairat (Bairath)
near Jaipur. The remains of a Buddhist chapel and monastery have also been
excavated at Bairath. This is the earliest free-standing structure in the
country and dates from the 3rd century BC.
The break up of the Mauryan empire led to invasions in the north by the
Parthians, Scythians (Sakas), Huns, Gujars, Mongols and others, A Central Asian
tribe from China, the Kushans, established a dynasty that lasted from the 1 st-3rd
century AD. A second wave of invaders, the later Kushans, reigned briefly in the
4th century. Remains of Kushan settlements have been found in Rajasthan as far
as Bharatpur and Nuhgaon (Noh).
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